The two best-known facts about Henry VIII are that he had six wives, two of whom he executed, and that he separated the Church of England from the papacy. While the first is more a matter of the exciting stories of history, the second – his separation from Rome – played a vital role in the country’s history.
Henry VIII was born in England on 28 June 1491. He became king in 1509 before he was 18. That same year, Henry VIII married Catherine of Aragon. Catherine bore him six children, but only one, Mary I of England, survived to adulthood.
Henry VIII wanted a son to inherit the throne, so he needed a new wife to give him a son. At the time, Henry VIII and much of England belonged to the Roman Catholic Church.
What is Henry VIII known for?
England had eight kings named Henry, the last of whom, Henry VIII, became famous and well known after his six marriages and dispute with the Roman Catholic Church.
The two best-known facts about Henry VIII are that he had six wives, two of whom he executed, and that he separated the Church of England from the Papacy.
Henry VIII was also the most powerful and least popular of England’s monarchs. In 1502, after the death of his brother Arthur at age 15, Henry became Prince of Wales and heir to the throne.
Why was Henry VIII disliked?
King Henry VIII’s most dramatic action, which had the most unique, most significant fact, was his severing ties with Rome. In the 1530s, he annulled papal jurisdiction and declared himself supreme head of the Church on earth. Such a bold act as proclaiming royal supremacy over the Pope was unheard of throughout Europe.
Henry VIII was disliked for his religious reform, which led to the separation of the Church of England from the Papacy, and for his six marriages. Two of his wives were beheaded on his orders, two he divorced, one died of natural causes, and one survived him.
Henry VIII was England’s first well-educated, charismatic king, at once a poet, composer, tournament athlete, and founder of Oxford College, cultivating a vain and elaborate courtly ritual, coupled with glittering dress and ceremonies designed to impress foreign ambassadors and thus to impose himself on rival European monarchies.
Is Queen Elizabeth II related to Henry VIII?
Henry VIII was the English king who systematically promoted his glittering image not only through lavish court decor and ceremonial but also through his portraits by Hans Holbein (1497-1543) and effigies on coins.
According to historical resources, Henry VIII was related to Queen Elizabeth II because she was his mother. The marriage between Elizabeth of York and Henry VII was debated worldwide because it represented the union of the white rose of York with the red rose of the House of Lancaster, which was considered the bringer of peace after years of war.
His chief advisers were the Catholic Lord Cardinal Thomas Wolsey (1473-1530), the humanist Thomas More (1478-1533), and then, until 1540 (when he was also executed), Thomas Cromwell (1485-1540), the architect of the tremendous Henrician reforms and propaganda campaigns.
Who was Henry VIII favorite wife?
Jane was the daughter of Sir John Seymour and Margery Wentworth and was most likely born in Wulfhall, Wiltshire. The date of birth is not known, but most sources indicate 1508. Through her maternal grandfather, she appears to have been descended from King Edward III’s son Lionel of Antwerp, 1st Duke of Clarence, and in this way, she and King Henry VIII were cousins of the 5th degree.
According to historical sources, Jane Seymour was Henry’s preferred wife because she provided him with a male heir. Although Jane was not as well educated as Henry’s first two wives, Catherine of Aragon and Anne Boleyn, she could read and write and was adept at household chores.
In January 1537, Jane became pregnant, and during this period, her only craving was roast quails, which the king ordered from hunters in Calais and Flanders.
Primary Takeaways
- Henry VIII was the first well-educated, charismatic English king, who was at once a poet, a composer, an athlete, a tournament fighter, and the founder of Oxford College, cultivating a vain and elaborate courtly ritual associated with glittering dress and ceremonies designed to impress foreign ambassadors and thus to impose himself on rival European monarchies.
- Henry VIII was the English king who systematically promoted his glittering image not only through lavish court decor and ceremonial but also through his portraits by Hans Holbein (1497-1543) and effigies on coins. His chief advisers were the Catholic Lord Cardinal Thomas Wolsey (1473-1530), the humanist Thomas More (1478-1533), and then, until 1540 (when he was also executed), Thomas Cromwell (1485-1540), the architect of the tremendous Henrician reforms and propaganda campaigns.
- Because of his hectic personal life, the changes he decided on, and the abundance and drama of court life, Henry VIII became a frequent presence in 20th-century popular culture, with him portrayed in numerous plays, novels, rock music (Rick Wakeman’s album The Six Wives of Henry VIII) and especially films (e.g., Richard Burton’s 1969 film Anne of a Thousand Days).
Conclusion
Henry VIII made history with his six marriages and the removal of the kingdom of England from the ecclesiastical authority of the Pope of Rome. In this way, the English king combined the position of Head of State and Supreme Head of the Anglican Church for the first time in the so-called Act of Supremacy of 1533.
Anxious to ensure his succession to the throne by a son and thus strengthen the Tudor dynasty, Henry could no longer accept the influence and control of the Papacy over the internal affairs of England and the English monarchy, especially as Rome treated Catholic London as a stepchild, taking only one English cardinal.
Henry legitimized his divorce from the Spanish princess Catherine of Aragon (1485-1536, who could no longer bear him children) so that he could marry the young and ambitious Anne Boleyn (1501-1536), only precipitated England’s separation from the Papacy, which excommunicated him.
Quizlet about Kings and Emperors